新概念英语第2册Lesson76~78重点内容
新概念英语第2册Lesson76重点内容
重要句型或语法
现在完成时与现在完成进行时
本课主要复习第4课、第28课和第52课中的现在完成时和现在完成进行时,相比较而言,现在完成进行时明确地表达过去的动作一直持续到现在还在进行。如:
They have been expecting a splendid crop this year
该句表明,他们对于庄稼的丰收一直都很期待。
课文主要语言点
To end our special news bulletin,' said the voice of the television announcer, 'we're going over to the macaroni fields of Calabria Macaroni has been grown in this area for over six hundred years' 1)To end our special news bulletin,作为我们专题新闻的结尾。special news bulletin,专题新闻。 2)said the voice of the television announcer,这是一句倒装句,正常语序是:the voice of the television announcer said。之所以倒装,是为了避免句子头重脚轻,而且同时可以兼顾整个句子的倒装的完整性,因为said之前的to do结构其实是said的宾语,这相当于是个完全倒装的句子。 3)announcer,播音员、广播员。 4)go over,在这里表示电台节目的“转向”。go over常见的意思是“检查;复习”。
Two of the leading growers, Giuseppe Moldova and Riccardo Brabante, tell me that they have been expecting a splendid crop this year and harvesting has begun earlier than usual 1)leading,主要的。 2)grower,种植者。相当于planter。 3)注意grower后的两个人名是同位语,起着补充说明作用,在阅读时可以跳过,以节省时间。 4)expect,期待、期望。其名词为expectation。 5)a splendid crop,大丰收。splendid,极好的、辉煌的。 6)harvesting,收割。 7)earlier than usual,比往年要早。
Here you can see two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting three cartloads of golden brown macaroni stalks 1)between them在句中作为插入语,补充说明装载车的位置。 2)a cartload of,一车的载量、大量。 3)注意gold(金子)与golden(金色的、镀金的)的区别。 4)stalk,(植物的)梗。
The whole village has been working day and night gathering and threshing this year's crop before the September rains 1)the whole village,全村的人。这属于代指的修辞手法,用地点来指代人物。 2)day and night,日日夜夜。 3)gather,收(庄稼)。 4)thresh,打(庄稼)。 5)the September rains,九月的雨季。
On the right, you can see Mrs Brabante herself She has been helping her husband for thirty years now 1)on the right,在右边。on the left,在左边。 2)注意help用了现在完成进行时,强调的是:她三十年来一直持续不断在帮助丈夫。
Mrs Brabante is talking to the manager of the local factory where the crop is processed 1)where引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词the local factory(当地的工厂)。 2)process,加工、处理。
This last scene shows you what will happen at the end of the harvest: the famous Calabrian macaroni-eating competition! 1)scene,场景、画面。 2)注意what引导的是宾语从句,作为show的直接宾语。 3)competition,竞赛、竞争。
Signor Fratelli, the present champion, has won it every year since 1991 And that ends our special bulletin for today, Thursday, April 1st We're going back to the studio 1)present,当前的、目前的。 2)champion,冠军。
新概念英语第2册Lesson77重点内容
重要句型或语法
一般过去时、现在完成时与现在完成进行时
本课主要复习第5课、第29课和第53课中的一般过去时、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别。其中,一般过去时主要客观描述过去发生了什么,现在完成时强调的是过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,而现在完成进行时则侧重过去发生的动作一直持续到现在还在进行。如:
She arrived here two weeks ago
I have not heard from him since 1993
He ahs been ringin up contiunally since lunchtime
课文主要语言点
The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 BC has just had an operation 1)mummy,木乃伊。 2)Egyptian,埃及的、埃及人。注意其重音在第二个音节上。其名词为Egypt(埃及),注意其重音在第一个音节上。 3)BC公元前。其完整形式为Before Christ,即在耶稣诞生之前。西元的公元纪年就是以耶稣诞生的那一年为元年的,其出生之后的年份被称为“公元后或公元”,即AD,其完整形式为Anno Domini,意为“主的生年”。 4)have an operation,接受手术。operation源自动词operate(做手术),其常见用法是operate on sb给某人做手术。
The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes 1)that of中的that经常用来指代前面提到的同一个或同一类事物。 2)the Temple of Thebes,底比斯神庙。底比斯横跨尼罗河两岸,位于现今埃及首都开罗南面700多公里处,尼罗河的右岸,也叫东岸,是当时古埃及的宗教、政治中心。尼罗河的左岸,也叫西岸,是法老们死后的安息之地。
As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease 1)as引导的是原因状语从句。 2)there are marks on上面有斑点。 3)plate,(相片的)底片。 4)注意taken of the mummy作为先行词plates的定语,其完整原形为:which/that were taken of the mummy。take plates of,给拍片子。 5)句中的try采用了现在完成进行时,说明医生从过去到现在一直都在努力查找原因。 6)find out,查找、弄明白。 7)whether引导的是宾语从句,作为find out的宾语。 8)die of,死于 注意与die from的区别:die of一般指死于内因,如疾病、衰老等;die from一般指死于外因,如事故、灾难等。 9)a rare disease,罕见的疾病。
The only way to do this was to operate The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin 1)注意to do this用作way的后置定语。 2)to operate用作表语,与was一起构成系表结构,作为整个句子的谓语。 3)which引导的是非限定性定语从句,补充说明先行词operation的持续时间。 4)last,用作了动词,表示“持续”。 5)prove是结果系动词,经常后接“to be+形容词或名词”的结构,to be可以省略。 6)because of,由于、因为。是介词短语,后接单词或短语。 7)resin,树脂。 8)which引导的是限定性定语从句,修饰先行词the hard resin。
The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory 1)remove,移除、清除。 2)a section of的一部分。 3)sendto把送往某地。 4)注意laboratory(实验室)的发音和拼写,可以简化为lab。
They also found something which the X-ray did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef 1)which在句中引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词something。需要注意的是当先行词为不定代词时,关系代词一般都用that,但只有something例外,其关系代词既可以用that,也可以用which。 2)注意句中show后面的冒号起着解释说明的提示作用。 3)a wax figure of的蜡像。figure,体形;人像。
This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy 1)which引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词this god。 2)注意本句话定语从句的谓语动词have用的是一般现在时,而主句的谓语动词用的却是一般过去时,其原因在于:从句描述的是这个蜡像的现状,而主句描述的是过去这种蜡像一般都会放在木乃伊里。 3)normally,正常情况下。源自形容词normal(正常的),其反义词为abnormal(不正常的)。注意normal另外一个常用的意思是“师范的”,如ECNU,华东师范大学,即East China Normal University。 4)placeinto把放在某处。
The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died 1)not yet,还没有。 2)how引导的是宾语从句,用作decide的宾语。
They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened The mummy successfully survived the operation 1)fear,担心、害怕。 2)fall to pieces,摔成碎片。 3)cutopen,割开、切开。 4)survive在当中幸存下来。
新概念英语第2册Lesson78重点内容
重要句型或语法
1、冠词
本课侧重复习第6课、第30课和第54课出现的冠词的用法。冠词主要分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词三大类,其中关键是要掌握不定冠词在短语中的用法、定冠词与形容词连用表一类人或物的用法、以及一些固定短语中的零冠词的用法。如:in a word(简言之)、the poor(穷人)、in short(简言之)。
2、keep的短语
本课的难点部分出现了有关keep与不同介词或副词的短语搭配用法。如:keep on、keep off、keep away from、keep up、keep up with、keep out、keep in等。
课文主要语言点
After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves 1)注意本句话中作者的冷幽默:作者明明刚看了篇有关吸烟有害健康的文章,却还马上点上一支烟抽,旨在平复平复刚才看到文章的害怕心情。 2)entitled用作an article的定语,其完整形式为which was entitled entitle,以为名。该词由动词前缀en-和title(头衔、名称)构成。 3)注意light的过去式和过去分词都是lit,表示“点燃”。 4)calm one's nerves,使镇定。
I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette 1)with concentration,专心地。concentration源自动词concentrate,其常见用法为concentrate on,集中注意力于 2)with pleasure,愉快地、乐意地。 3)as引导的是原因状语从句。 4)be sure that对很肯定。
For a whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly 1)for a whole week,整个星期。 2)notat all,根本不。 3)suffer,遭受(困难或痛苦)。 4)注意跟学生解释为什么作者的妻子会遭受这么大的痛苦(下一句话做了解释)。
I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite 1)have symptoms of,有症状。 2)giving up smoking用作先行词someone的定语,其完整原形为that gives up smoking。 3)smoking后的冒号起着解释说明的提示作用。 4)a bad temper,坏脾气。 5)an enormous appetite,大胃口。注意appetite表示“胃口”,常见的短语用法为:have an appetite for,爱好。
My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket 1)keep on,反复地做;继续进行。 2)offer sb sth给某人某物。 3)make an effort to do sth努力做某事。 4)hide,隐藏、躲藏。 5)amusement,娱乐、消遣。 6)produce,拿出。相当于take out。 7)a packet of,一盒、一袋。
After seven days of this I went to a party Everybody around me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable 1)注意作者没有用one week of this,而是用了seven days of this,主要是为了强调对于他来说,这7天是很不容易的。 2)everybody around,身边的每个人。
When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear 1)urge sb to do sth怂恿某人做某事。 2)more than sb could bear,再也忍不住了。
The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died 1)not yet,还没有。 2)how引导的是宾语从句,用作decide的宾语。
I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction 1)注意本句话采用三个动词并列的排比结构,凸显了作者在此吸烟后的那种迫切心情和满足感。 2)guiltily,内疚地。源自名词guilt(负罪感),形容词为guilty。 3)with satisfaction,满意地。
My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more 1)delighted,高兴的。 2)return to normal,恢复正常。
Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking He himself has done it lots of times! 1)anyway,无论如何、不管怎么说。 2)point out,指出。 3)注意it用作形式主语,其逻辑主语(真正的主语)是后面的不定式结构to give up smoking。 4)himself放在he后面,起到强调作用。 5)最后一句话的潜台词是作者的朋友Brian也尝试过很多次要戒烟,始终都没能成功,所以他开玩笑说戒烟是最容易的,因为他自己都做过多次了。
新概念英语第2册Lesson46课文详注
1…workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing……工人们开始卸下装有服装的一批木箱。
(1)unload的含义为“卸(货)”,它的反义词为load(装货)。与形容词 uncomfortable, unsmiling等相似,有些动词加前缀un可以表示做相反的动作。
(2)a number of为固定词组,表示“若干”、“许多”:
You've made a number of mistakes in typing this letter
你打这封信时出了不少错误。
(3)clothing是服装的总称,为不可数名词,其含义比clothes更为广泛。clothes一般指衣服,clothing则可以包括鞋、帽等。
2No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy 其中有只箱子特别重,可谁也弄不清是怎么回事。
(1)短语动词 account for的含义为“说明理由”、“作出说明(或解释)”:
The bad weather in England accounts for Harrison's decision to leave the country
英国糟糕的气候是哈里森决定离开这个国家的原因。
How do you account for the battered car
你如何解释这撞坏的车
(2)that后面的从句为fact的同位语从句,说明fact的具体内容:
He couldn't explain the fact that Mary's wallet was found in his room
他无法解释玛丽的钱包是在他房间里找到的这一事实。
3It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box 突然一个工人想到打开箱子看看。
(1)表示某人想起某事时,要用 sth occurred to sb 这个结构,主语为事,而不是人。
(2)it在句中为先行主语,代替不定式 to open up the box。
(3)open up的含义之一是“打开”:
open up boxes/gifts 打开箱子/礼物
When he received the gifts, he opened them up at once
他收到礼物后立刻就打开了。
4He was astonished at what he found 看到的情景使他吃惊。
表示某事使/让某人吃惊通常用sb is/ are/ was/ were…astonished at sth:
Sam appears astonished at the news/ the sound
这消息/声音似乎使萨姆吃了一惊。
5on top of, 在……上面。
She put the bread on top of a pile of other goods
她把面包放在一堆其他货物上面。
6…he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours ……他在那木箱里闷了十八个多小时。
confine表示“把……限制起来”,通常与介词to连用:
Last weekend, Tom's mother confined him to his room
上个周末,汤姆的妈妈把汤姆关在了房间里。
7The man was ordered to pay £3,500 for the cost of the trip 此人被责令交付旅费3,500英镑。
pay for表示“为……支付货款”、“为……付出代价”:
She paid £ 50 for that dress
她买那件衣服花了50英镑。
新概念英语第2册Lesson47课文详注
1A public house which was recently bought by Mr Ian Thompson is up for sale 伊恩·汤普森先生最近才买的一个小酒店现在又要卖出去。
(1)在英国英语中,public house指酒馆、酒店,口语中往往缩略为pub:
I had lunch at a village pub
我在一家乡村小酒店吃了午饭。
(2)up for sale表示“供新概念”,up为形容词,含义为“已提出的”、“供……的”。
2He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar 他告诉我有天夜里他怎么也睡不着,因为他听到酒吧里传来一阵奇怪的响声。
(1)从that一直到句尾都是told的直接宾语,其中because引导的原因状语从句说明为什么睡不着的原因。
(2)coming为现在分词,它引导的短语修饰noise,为宾语补足语。它也可以变为从句结构:a strange noise that came from the bar。在一些表示感觉的动词如see,hear,feel,watch,notice 等之后,往往用宾语+宾语补足语这个结构,其宾语补足语既可以是不定式(通常不加to),也可以是现在分词,两者在意义上区别不大,现在分词表示动作正在 发生,不定式则表示动作发生了:
I heard someone knocking at the door
我听到有人正敲门。
I heard you sing this song yesterday
昨天我听到你唱这支歌。
(3)bar为酒吧或酒店中卖酒的柜台。
3…they were on in the morning……早晨灯都亮着。
on为形容词,表示“开着的”、“接通的”,其反义词为off:
When he arrived home, he found that all the lights were on/ off
他到家时发现所有的灯都亮着/关着。
Is the TV on I thought I had turned it off
电视机是开着的吗我以为我把它关掉了。
4He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before 他还说他发现了5只空的威士忌酒瓶子,这肯定是鬼魂头天晚上喝的。
(1)由于是对已发生的事表示推测,因此must后面要用完成时。
(2)that引导的为间接引语,因此时间状语要变动。直接引语中的时间状语为 last night,转述时变成了 the night before。其他时间状语的变化有:now→then,two days ago→two days before/ earlier,today→that day,tonight→that night,tomorrow→the next/ following day,last night→the night before等。
5…they will not accept the pub even if he gives it away……即使他把小酒店白送人,他们也不要。
(1)连词 even if表示“即使”,它引导的让步状语从句含有很强的假定性:
I won't have dinner with him even if he pays for it
即使是他付钱我也不和他一起吃饭。
(2)give away是个固定短语,其含义之一是“赠送”、“免费给予”:
He gave all his books away to the library
他把他所有的书都赠给了图书馆。
新概念英语第2册Lesson48课文详注
1Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer 牙科医生们总是在你无法作出回答的时候向你提出问题。
在when引导的时间状语从句中,it为先行主语,代指后面的不定式,for+人称代词/名词说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的:
It is not hard for you to help them
你帮助他们并不难。
It was a mistake for me to come to the party
我来参加晚会是错误的。
impossible通常不以人作主语,而以不定式或从句作主语:
It is impossible for him to help you
他不可能帮你。
It is impossible that he will help you
(译文同上)
2In answer to these questions I either nodded or made strange noises 作为对这些问题的回答,我不是点头,就是发出奇怪的声音。
(1)in answer to为固定短语,在这里表示“作为对……的回答”:
In answer to my question, Dan shook his head
作为对我的问题的回答,丹摇了摇头。
这个短语的另一个含义是“响应……的请求”:
In answer to my request, he wrote a letter to George
应我的请求,他给乔治写了封信。
(2)made strange noises, 发出奇怪的声音。“我”并不是有意发出这些声音,而是因为嘴里有药棉,又想回答医生的话造成的。
3Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been 与此同时,我的舌头正在忙着寻找刚拔掉的那颗牙的伤口。
(1)副词meanwhile表示“在此期间”、“与此同时”:
He won't come until ten o'clock Meanwhile you can have a rest
他10点以前不会来。在此期间你可以休息一下。
Mary was talking to me about her new dress Meanwhile I was thinking about something else
玛丽在和我讲她的新衣服。与此同时我却在想着其他事情。
(2)search out表示“找出”、“查出”、“搜出”等:
Have you searched out the books I needed
你找出我需要的书了吗
(3)where the tooth had been用的是过去完成时,因为在描述这件事的时候那颗牙已经不在了。牙齿尚在的时间是“过去的过去”。
4When the dentist at last removed the cotton wool from my mouth…
当那位牙医最后将药棉从我嘴中取出时……
remove可以表示“拿去”、“除去”、“去掉”,通常结构为“remove +名词+from”;它也可以单独使用:
I've removed that picture from the wall
我已经把那幅画从墙上拿走了。
Please remove your hat
请摘下你的帽子。
语法 Grammar in use
复习第26~45课的部分语法
It is one of the ugliest faces(that) I have ever seen
这是我见过的最丑陋的头像之一。(that在关系从句中作宾语,可省略)
There aren't many students who sing as well as she does
在学生当中没几个人唱歌像她那么好。(who在关系从句中作主语,不可省略)
People are not so honest as they once were
人们不再像以前那样诚实了。(not so/ as…as用于比较状语从句)
He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house
他还没等安顿下来就卖掉了房子。(hardly…when用于过去完成时)
No sooner had I sat down than he came in
我刚坐下他就进来了。(no sooner…than用于过去完成时;否定词位于句首时句子要倒装)
The box was so heavy that she couldn't lift it
箱子太重了,她搬不起来。(so+形容词+that表示“如此……以至于”)
The thief got such a fright that he dropped the bag
那个小偷吓得把提包都扔了。(such〈a〉+名词+that表示“如此……以至于”)
Billy is not at home at present He's at school
比利现在不在家,他在学校。(at+名词的用法)
新概念英语第2册Lesson1课文详注
1Last week I went to the theatre上星期我去看戏。
(1)句首的“Last week”点明叙述的事情发生的时间是上星期。因此整篇课文的时态基本上应是过去时(包括过去进行时),直接引语部分的时态除外。
(2)动词go的原义是离开一个地方去另一个地方,与介词to连用后,常加上主语所要去的目的地来代表主语的动作目的。课文中go to the theatre = go to the theatre to see a play,即去剧场看戏。类似的还有go to the cinema = go to the cinema to see a film(去电看**)。这种表达方式简明扼要。请注意在以下的短语中名词前通常不加冠词:
go to school上学
go to bed上床,睡觉
go to church上教堂,去做礼拜(参考第1册第68课at school, at church;第1册第85课have been to school/church)
2had a very good seat,座位很好。
seat一般指戏院、汽车等配置的固定座位,也可以抽象地表示“座位”或“位子”的概念:
the front seat of a car汽车的前座
Take a seat, please
请坐。
3The play was very interesting 戏很有意思。
interesting属于现在分词形式的形容词,意思是“使人感兴趣”。
它通常与非人称主语连用或修饰某个事物:
This is an interesting book/idea
这是一本有趣的书/一个令人感兴趣的主意。
4…were sitting behind me They were talking loudly …坐在我的身后,大声地说着话。
这两句的时态为过去进行时。(参考第1册第7课语法)
5I got very angry 我非常生气。
get在这里有“逐渐变得”的含义,接近become,是个表示过程的动词,表示状态的变化。而I was very angry则仅表示当时的状态是生气,并不暗示过程。
6in the end, 最后,终于。
表示一段较长的时间之后或某种努力之后:
She tried hard to finish her homework by herself In the end, she had to ask her brother for help
她试图自已完成家庭作业,但最后她不得不请她兄弟帮忙。
7none of your business, 不关你的事。
(1) sb 's business指某人(所关心的或份内)的事:
It is my business to look after your health
我必须照顾你的身体健康。
This is none of his business
这根本不关他的事。
(2)表示否定的代词none意义上相当于not any或no one,但语气较强:
She kept none of his letters
他的信件她一封也没有保留。
None of my friends left early
我的朋友没有一个早离开的。
none of这个短语有时可以表达一种断然、甚至粗暴的口气,
尤其是在祈使句中:
None of your silly remarks!
别说傻话了!
8a private conversation,私人间的谈话。
在西方文化中人们对private(私人的,个人的)这个概念很看重。这个词的名词形式privacy有“隐私(权)”的意思。所以课文中的小伙子会 振振有词地说“This is a private conversation!”不过他忘了他是在一个public place(公众场合),而且他们的说话声太大,已经影响了别人。
新概念英语第2册Lesson2课文详注
1It was Sunday 那是个星期天。
在句子中,我们常常用it指时间、天气、温度或距离。这种it有时被称为“虚主语”
(empty subject),因为它没有实际意义。它之所以存在,是因为英语句子必须包含主语和谓语。请注意以下例句:
表示时间:
It is 8 o'clock
8点了。
表示天气:
It's raining again
又下雨了。
It is cold
天气冷。
表示环境:
It was dark outside
外面一片漆黑。
作为第3人称单数的中性代词,it可以指一件东西、一个事件或者用来指是什么人:
It was my aunt Lucy
是我姑母露西。(打来电话者)
It is a lovely baby
真是个可爱的小宝宝。
2on Sundays, 在星期天的时侯。
(1)复数形式指每个星期日,或大部分星期日,与一般现在时连用,表示经常性的行为:
We do not go to school on Sundays
星期天我们不上学。
I never get up early on Sundays
星期天我从来不早起。
(2)介词on一般用于表示某一天的时间短语中:
on Monday星期一
on Friday 星期五
on Monday morning在星期一早上
on that day在那一天
当我们使用last, next和this, that时,介词(以及定冠词)必须省略:
I'll see you next/this Friday
下个/这个星期五再见。
Last Sunday I got up very late
上个星期天我起得很晚。
3I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime 有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。
(1)在表达卧床的意思时bed前不需加冠词:
You must stay/remain in bed for another two days
你必须再卧床两天。
What time did you go to bed last night
你昨晚几点睡的
It is time for bed now
该睡觉了。
(2)until用于表示动作、状态等的持续,可以译为“一直到……为止”或“在……以前”。在肯定句中,它与表示持续性状态的动词连用,表示持续到某一时刻:
I'll wait here until 5
我会在这里等到5点钟。
在否定句中,它通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用,表示“到……为止”、“直到……才”:
She cannot arrive until 6
她到6点才能来。
The rain did not stop until this morning
直到今天早上雨才停了。
4arrive by train, 坐火车来。
by air乘飞机
by bicycle/bike骑自行车
by boat乘船
by bus乘公共汽车
by car乘小汽车
by land由陆路
by plane乘飞机
by sea由海路
by ship乘船
by train乘火车
Every morning he goes to school by bus
他每天早上坐公共汽车去上学。
Long ago people could go to America only by ship/sea
很早以前人们只能乘船去美洲。
如果是特指的交通工具,则要加冠词或其他限定词:
My aunt left by the 9:15 train
我姑妈乘9点1刻的火车走的。
5Dear me, 天哪。
这个感叹方式可以表示惊愕、困惑、同情等。还可以说“Oh, dear!”或“Dear, dear!”
新概念英语第2册Lesson3课文详注
1A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian 一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语。
(1)虽然friendly是以-ly结尾,在拼法上与许多副词一样,但它却是形容词:
He always greets me in a friendly way
他总是亲切地和我打招呼。
She gave me a friendly greeting
她友好地和我打了一下招呼。
He is not very friendly to John
他对约翰不太友善。
类似的形容词有: brotherly, fatherly, manly, lovely, motherly 等。
(2)a few可与复数可数名词连用,表示肯定,含有some, a small number of(一些,少数几个)的意思:
The police would like to ask him a few questions
警察要问他一些问题。
Mother is coming in a few days
妈妈过几天就要来了。
2Then he lent me a book 之后还借给我一本书。
像send, buy, give等动词一样,lend可以有两个宾语:一个直接宾语(通常指物),一个间接宾语(通常指人)。(cf 本课语法)在这句话中,lend的直接宾语为a book,间接宾语为me。
Would you lend me your pen
能把你的笔借我用一下吗
Yesterday I lent my dictionary to Mary
昨天我把字典借给了玛丽。
3…but I did not understand a word ……但一个字也不懂。not…a的否定意义比单用not要强。课文的最后一句加了"single",语气更强。
4Every day I thought about postcards 我每天都想着明信片的事。
think about可以指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事:
I often think about the lovely holiday we had last year
我经常回想我们去年度过的愉快的假期。
What are you thinking about
你在想什么
I'm thinking about my friends
我在想我的朋友们。
5make a big decision, 作出一项重大决定。
make/take a decision, 作出决定。这是个常用的词语搭配,可以灵活使用:
It was not easy for me to make/ take this decision
对我来说作出这项决定并不容易。
You have made/taken a wrong decision
你作出了个错误的决定。
Have you made/taken a decision
你决定了吗
6I spent the whole day in my room…我在房间里关了整整一天……
(1)spend与表示时间的词/短语连用时,意思为“花(时间)”、“度过”:
We're going to spend three days in the country
我们打算到乡下去3天。
spend还可以表示“花钱”:
If we spend all the money, we'll be poor again
如果我们把所有的钱都花光了,我们又会变穷的。
I can't spend any more on this car
我不能再为这车花钱了。
(2)whole表示“整整的”、“整个的”
a whole year一整年
a whole bottle of milk一整瓶牛奶
two whole weeks整整两星期
新概念英语第2册Lesson76~78重点内容
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