新概念英语第二册重要句型及语法Lesson22

　一、重要句型或语法

　介词

　本课侧重的是介词of/from/in/on与不同动词的搭配用法。如：approve of/differ from/delight in/insist on。

　二、课文主要语言点

　My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland 1)Jane是my daughter的同位语。 2)dream of，梦想、幻想。 3)receive sth from sb，从某人处收到某物。 4)of one's own age，与某人同龄的。 5)Holland，荷兰。其别名为the Netherlands。

　Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle 1)注意本句话的时间状语是last year，但谓语动词travel却采用了过去进行时。对此可以这么理解，put a piece of paper这个动作是在他们一家travel across the Channel期间发生的，也即是说，原文可以改为：Last year, while we were travelling across the Channel, Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle 2)注意travelling的拼写，l要双写。这是英式英语的拼法，美式英语的拼法为traveling，只有一个l。 3)the Channel，英吉利海峡。当channel的首字母大写时，一般都特指英吉利海峡。 4)put sth into，把某物放到某处。 5)with her name and address on it中的with表伴随，it是指a piece of paper。 6)注意address的读音，英式英语里多读作/əˈdres/，美式英语多读作/ˈædres/。

　She threw the bottle into the sea throwinto，把某物扔进某处。注意throw的过去式和过去分词为threw和thrown。类似的单词还有：grow/grew/grown;blow/blew/blown。

　She never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland 1)think of，想起。注意与think about(思考)的区别。 2)时间段+later，多长时间之后。

　Both girls write to each other regularly now 1)both+复数名词，两者都。both一般都跟and搭配使用。 2)write to sb，给某人写信。 3)each other，相互。在现代英语中，相当于one another。如果要区分，each other强调的是两者间的相互，而one another强调的是三者及以上的相互。 4)regularly，定期地。

　However, they have decided to use the post office 1)however一般用于句首，后面要用逗号隔开。也可以放在句中，前后要用逗号隔开;也可放在句末，前面要用逗号隔开。 2)decide to do sth，决定做某事。 3)the post office，邮局。这里所说的use the post office就是指通过邮局写信(write to each other)。

　Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel faster 1)可复习一下表花费的cost/spend/pay/take的用法。 2)faster后面省略了than bottles。文中是拿写信和漂流瓶作快慢比较。

　三、读写重点

　可结合教材第99页最后的“Sentence structure(句子结构)”讲讲如何把几个简单句连成一句话——通过并列连词and或while和表伴随的介词with。

新概念英语第二册重要句型及语法Lesson23

　一、重要句型或语法

　复习

　本课主要是复习第12-21课的重要句型和语法点，即：一般将来时、将来进行时、过去完成时、间接引语、if条件状语从句、情态动词must/can/may、实义动词have和被动语态的用法。

　二、课文主要语言点

　I had a letter from my sister yesterday 1)have sth from sb，从某人处收到某物。其中，have可以用get或receive等代替。 2)收到某人来信也可以用hear from sb来表达，原句可以改为：I heard from my sister yesterday

　She lives in Nigeria 课文第一句采用的是一般过去时，所以此处可以提问学生为什么本句话的谓语动词live却采用了一般现在时(因为表达的是说话当前的客观事实)。

　In her letter, she said

　that she would come to England next year

　1)可复习一下当主句谓语动词采用一般过去时时的间接引语的用法。 2)England，英国。England原本指代的是英格兰，但在大多情况下，England都被用来指代整个英国。

　If she comes, she will get a surprise 1)可提问学生为什么前面一句用的还是过去时态，为什么本句又要采用现在和将来时态了(因为本句表达的内容是基于说话的时间的)。 2)可复习一下if条件状语从句的“主将从现”的用法。 3)get a surprise，感到惊讶。相当于be surprised，但get更具动作含义，所以强调效果更突出。

　We are now living in a beautiful new house in the country 1)注意now在句子中的位置相对灵活，句首、句中、句末都可以。但是，从写作角度来说，now的位置不同，句子所要强调的内容是不同的。可参考我在第二册第1课里提到的尾重原则。 2)a beautiful new house，一座漂亮的新房子。注意复习多个形容词的排序方法。 3)in the country，在乡下或者在农村。此处的country相当于countryside。

　Work on it had begun before my sister left 1)work on sth，关于什么的工作。 2)注意解释为什么此处的begin要用过去完成时(因为my sister离开的动作是过去的left，而造房子的动作是在这之前发生的，即过去的过去，所以begin要用过去完成时)。

　The house was completed five months ago 1)可复习一下被动语态的用法。 2)注意对比complete和finish的异同。

　In my letter, I told her that she could stay with us 可参考本课前面出现的“In her letter, she said that she would come to England next year”。

　The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden 1)注意作者采用了large、而不是big来表示房间的大小，说明这些房间的确都很大。 2)注意作者为什么后半句不直接跟上a lovely garden，而是要用there is来另起一句。这是因为garden在物理空间上，其实是不属于house的;此外，这样也可以强调garden。

　It is a very modern house, so it looks strange to some people

　It must be the only modern house in the district

　1)look strange，看起来奇怪。此处的look是系动词，所以后面紧跟了形容词strange。 2)注意复习must表肯定猜测的用法(对现在和过去的猜测)。

　三、读写重点

　The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden——本句中的a lovely garden单独起句介绍，起到了强调作用，值得借鉴。

新概念英语第二册重要句型及语法Lesson24

　一、重要句型或语法

　复习

　本课主要是复习第2-23课的难点部分的内容，这部分的内容主要都是常用词汇的辨析，如：take/receive、in the way/on the way、salary/wage、except/apart from、remind/remember、beside/besides、irritable/nervous等。

　二、课文主要语言点

　I entered the hotel manager's office and sat down 1)enter，进入。相当于go into，注意与enter for(参加)的区别。 2)hotel manager，酒店经理。其中manager源自动词manage(管理)。

　I had just lost ￡50 and I felt very upset 1)注意英镑的货币符号的书写。读作pound。 2)可提问学生为什么此处的lose要采用过去完成时(因为我进入酒店经理的办公室已经是过去的动作，而我丢了钱是在此之前发生的，即过去的过去)。 3)upset，不安的、苦恼的。

　I left the money in my room,' I said 'and it's not there now' 1)此处的left不是表示“离开”，而是表示“遗忘或落下”。 2)注意left和it's两个动作的时态，因为发生在不同的时间。

　The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing 1)sympathetic，同情的。源自名词sympathy(同情)。 2)he could do nothing，他无能为力。也可以改为：he couldn't do anything。

　Everyone's losing money these days,' he said 可以把Everyone's doing sth these days作为常用句型来运用，用来表达人们经常怎么了。如：Everyone's complaining about the heavy traffic in rush hours (大家都在抱怨高峰期的交通拥堵)

　He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door 1)start to do，开始做。与start doing用法差不多。 2)complain about sth to sb，向某人抱怨某事。 3)wicked，邪恶的，很坏的。 4)interrupt，打断。 5)a knock at the door，敲门声。

　A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk It contained ￡50 1)puton，把某物放在某处。 2)envelope，信封。注意拼写和发音。 3)contain，包含。

　I found this outside this gentleman's room,' she said 1)可提问学生为什么find要用一般过去时(因为女孩描述的是过去发生的事情)。 2)find sth somewhere，在某处发现某物。

　Well,' I said to the manager, 'there is still some honesty in this world!' 1)honesty，诚实。源自形容词honest，要注意h不发音，类似的单词还有hour，h也不发音。 2)There is still somein this world，可以作为常用句型来运用。比如：There is still some love in this world (这世上还是有爱可言的。)

　三、读写重点

　Everyone's losing money these days

　这句话是通过使用现在进行时来表示一直发生或不断重复的动作。此外，现在进行时与频度副词连用，也可以表示习惯行为。如：

　He is always talking nonstop (他总是说个不停。)

新概念英语第一册重要句型及语法Lesson129~130

　一、重要句型及语法

　情态动词：

　本课仍然是有关情态动词表猜测的用法，侧重点的是must和can't对过去发生的动作或状态的猜测，其结构基本为：must/can't have been/done/been doing。如：

　You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour

　I can't have been

　I must have been dreaming

　二、课文主要语言点

　Look, Gary! That policeman's waving to you He wants you to stop 1)当look被用作提示语时，其后的句子的谓语动词经常要采用现在进行时。 2)wave to sb 向某人招生示意。 3)want如果后接动词有两种用法，即sb want to do sth和sb want sb else to do sth 前者表示某人自己想做什么，而后者表示某人想要其他人做什么。注意对比：He wants to stop vs He wants you to stop

　Where do you think you are On a race track You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour 1)“Where do you think you are”中的do you think后面接的是where引导的疑问句。注意本句其实是个反诘句，不需要回答的，注意朗读时语气要把警察强烈的责备语气读出来。 2)“On a race track”是个省略疑问句，其完整形式为：“Do you think you are on a race track” 3)an hour中的an不是表示数量，而是表单位，意思为“每” 4)注意“drive at+速度”的用法，速度前要用介词at。 5)注意本句话中的must have been doing其实是使用了完成进行时，这要到第二册才会正式学习，在此不宜作拓展解释。建议只给学生提供中文意思解释。

　I can't have been 这是一句简略回答，其完整形式为：I can't have been driving at seventy miles an hour。

　I was doing eighty when I overtook you 1)可提问学生为什么本句话中的谓语动词都采用了过去的时态(因为警察描述的是当时Gary超速驾驶时，警察追赶他时的情景)。 2)“do+速度(数字即可)”，相当于“drive at+速度”。 3)overtake，从后面超越，超车。 4)可复习一下在过去时间的背景下when和while的用法。

　Didn' you see the speed limit 1)可提问学生此处为什么使用一般过去时didn't(因为警察反问的是当时Gary超速驾驶时看没看到限速牌)。 2)speed limit，限速。 3)注意本句为反问句。

　I'm afraid I didn't, officer I must have been dreaming 对警察的称呼一般都用officer(军官，警官)。注意与official(官员)的区别。

　He wan't dreaming, officer I was telling him to drive slowly 注意两句话的谓语动词都采用了过去进行时，是因为Ann描述的是当时Gary一直在开小差，而她又一直在劝他要开慢点。

　That's why I didn't see the sign 1)注意句中的why前面省略了先行词reason，从这个意义上讲，why引导的是定语从句。但是，就这个句子本身来讲，why是直接跟在That's后面的，所以其引导的是表语从句。 2)注意有的学生无法理解这句话的涵义，建议老师跟学生做解释。Gary之所以说那就是他没看到路牌的原因，其实他暗示的是一路上Ann一直不断提醒他要开慢点，他反倒因此觉得啰嗦而烦躁分了神，所以没看到路牌。

　Let me see your driving licence 1)let sb do sth让某人做某事。 2)driving licence，驾照。注意licence为英式英语的拼写，美式英语拼作license。

　I won't charge you this time But you'd better not do it again! 1)charge sb罚某人的款。 charge可以表示“收费”。 2)注意复习had better()的用法，即：had better do sth和had better not do sth

　Thank you I'll certainly be more careful 需要注意careful虽然是两音节单词，但其比较级还是要用more，这是因为careful属于派生词，即通过加后缀构成的。

　I told you to drive slowly, Gary 1)可提问学生为什么Ann此处的使用了一般过去时(因为Ann描述的是说话前发生的事情)。 2)注意tell后接动词的用法，即：tell sb to do sth其否定形式为：tell sth not to do sth

　You always tell me to drive slowly, darling 注意因为Gary使用了always，说明他要描述的是Ann一直做的事情，所以谓语动词要采用一般现在时。

　Well, next time you'd better take my advice! 1)next time，下次。 2)take one's advice，采纳某人的建议。

　三、双课补充内容

　继续操练must/can't have been的用法：注意第129课侧重的是must/can't have been doing(表动作)的用法，而第130课里出现了must/can't have been(表状态)的用法。

新概念英语第一册重要句型及语法Lesson131~132

　一、重要语法

　情态动词：

　本课是有关情态动词may的用法的，它可以用来表示对过去、现在和将来时间发生的动作或状态的猜测。如：

　We may go abroad (将来)

　It may be cheaper (现在)

　He may have been busy (过去)

　二、课文主要语言点

　Where are you going to spend your holidays this year, Gary1)可复习一下be going to do和will do的区别。 2)注意spend的用法：spend sth on sth / (in) doing sth

　We may go abroad I'm not sure1)注意may表示猜测时，可能性较小，所以Gary接着补充了I'm not sure。 2)go abroad，去国外。注意提醒学生abroad的拼写，很容易被误拼为：abraod。

　My wife wants to go to Egypt I'd like to go there, too We can't make up our minds 1)注意Egypt的拼写和发音。 2)make up one's mind，下定决心。

　Will you travel by sea or by air We may travel by sea1)注意选择疑问句的回答不能用Yes/No。 2)可复习一下交通工具的介词用法，除了on foot，其他的一般都用by。注意by sea相当于by ship，by air相当于by plane。介词和交通工具间不能插入任何成分。

　It's cheaper, isn't it It may be cheaper, but it takes a long time1)句中使用cheaper，其实是在比较by sea和by air的价格。It's cheaper其实是省略结构，其完整形式为：It's cheaper to travel by sea than by air。 2)注意take的用法，即：It takes/took sb time to do sth。如：It took me five hours to get there by car

　I'm sure you'll enjoy yourselves1)可复习一下宾语从句的用法。I'm sure后面省略了that。 2)enjoy oneself，玩得开心。

　Don't be so sure We might not go anywhere 1)Don't be so sure不要那么肯定。可以作为常用句型来识记运用。 2)might是may的过去式，但它表示的可能性比may还要小。 3)notanywhere可以换做nowhere。

　My wife always worries too muchworry用作了动词，表示“担忧、担心”，相当于be worried (about)。too much作为副词短语，修饰worry。

　Who's going to look after the dog Who's going to look after the house Who's going to look after the garden 1)这三句话形成了排比句式，起到了很好的强调作业，把Gary妻子总是担心这担心那的特点很好地表达出来了。 2)look after，照顾、照看。

　We have this problem every year In the end, we stay at home and look after everything! 1)have this problem，碰到这类问题。注意区分problem(困难，麻烦)和question(问题，疑问)。 2)in the end，最后。相当于at last。

新概念英语第一册重要句型及语法Lesson133~134

　一、重要句型或语法

　间接引语：

　本课继续学习间接引语的用法，但侧重的是当主句谓语动词采用一般过去时的用法，此时当直接引语改为间接引语时，直接引语中的谓语动词要改为相应的过去时态，本课里出现的情况有：一般现在时改为一般过去时;现在进行时改为过去进行时;现在完成时改为过去完成时。如：

　She told me she had just made a new film

　She said she was not going to make another

　She told reporters she felt very tired and didn't want to make another film for a long time

　二、课文主要语言点

　Have you just made a new film, Miss Marsh Yes, I have 1)可复习一下现在完成时的基本用法。 2)make a film，拍**。

　Are you going to make another No, I'm not I'm going to retire I don't want to make another film for a long time 1)another表示另一个，后面省略了film。 2)for a long time，很久。

　Karen Marsh: Sensational News! By our reporter, Alan Jones 1)可介绍文章标题的格式分类及其要求。此处的标题在人名Karen Marsh加上冒号，起到提示补充作用。而sensational news以感叹号结尾，则起着抓眼球的作用，用来引起读者的注意。 2)sensational，耸人听闻的。该词来源于sensation。 3)by our reporter意思是该文章是由our reporter写的。注意英语里要标注文章的作者是谁一般都用by来引导。而逗号后面的Alan Jones则用作reporter的同位语，起补充说明作用。

　Karen Marsh arrived at London Airport today 注意区分arrive at(小地点)和arrive in(大地方)。

　She was wearing a blue dress and a mink coat 1)可提问学生此处的谓语动词为什么采用过去进行时(因为该句描述的是当时Karen Marsh下飞机时正穿着什么衣服。 2)注意区分wear和put on。

　She tolde me she had just made a new film 间接引语采用的是过去完成时，因为其直接引语的谓语动词采用的是现在完成时的形式。

　She said she was not going to make another She said she was going to retire 间接引语的谓语动词采用的是过去进行时，因为直接引语的谓语动词采用的是现在进行时。

　She told reporters she felt very tired and didn't want to make another film for a long time 间接引语的谓语动词采用的是一般过去时，因为直接英语的谓语动词采用的是一般现在时。

　I wonder why! 1)wonder，想知道。相当于want to know。 2)该句采用了感叹号结尾，强调作者对于Karen Marsh的打算感叹很奇怪。

　三、双课补充内容

　继续操练间接引语的用法。

知识要点：

名词性从句包括：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连词有：

A连词：that, whether, if（这三个词都不作从句的成分，同时，that无含义，而whether和if都表“是否”）

B疑问代词：who, whom, whose, what, which

C疑问副词：when, where, why, how

（一）主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的从句。

1that引导主语从句

that引导主语从句时不同于其他的连词，既无词义也不作成分，只起单纯的连接作用，且通常不可以省。为了强调that引导的主语从句而置之于句首时，that不可省。

①That the driver could not control his car was obvious

②That she was chosen made us very happy

③That he will come is certain

④That he would take the risk is true

⑤That he should have married her isn't surprising

通常，that引导主语从句时用it做形式主语，把从句置于句尾，此时that有时可省。例如：

①It was obvious that the driver could not control his car

②It made us very happy that she was chosen

③It is certain that he will come

④It is true that he would take the risk

⑤It isn't surprising (that) he should have married her

如果以that从句为主语的句子是疑问句，就只能用先行词it结构。例如：

①Is it certain that he will come

②Is it true that he would take the risk

▲it做形式主语有以下几种不同的结构：

(1)It + be + 形容词+ that-从句

①It is likely that he will come

②It is strange that she has ever trusted him

③It is important that he (should) attend the meeting

④It is best that he (should) go

此句型在表示惊讶、喜悦、遗憾等感情色彩时，that从句中的谓语动词也常用 (should) + v原形。

It is strange that no one should have objected to the plan

(2)It + be +名词+ that-从句

It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish

It's a pity that he should have catched the train

(3) It + be + -ed分词 + that从句

It is said that he is a famous writer

It is reported that there will be a storm this afternoon

▲在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的被动结构中，that从句中的谓语动词常用(should) do。（参见虚拟语气部分）

It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held this afternoon

It is demanded that he (should) leave at once

(4) It + seem/happen/appear等不及物动词 + that从句。（look不接that从句，它接to be结构或形容词）

It seems that he is wrong

It appears that they are in urgent need of help

He looks (to be) surprised/happy/sad

2 whether引导主语从句，意为“是否”，只起连接作用，不充当任何成分。（置于句首时必须用whether引导，置于句尾时，间或可用if。）

Whether he will win the game is not clear

Whether he will come is uncertain

Whether she comes or not doesn't concern me

It is not clear whether/if he will come

It was uncertain whether he would come

3 连词代词what, who, which, whose等引导的主语从句。这些连接代词作用相当于代词，在从句中担当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。

What we need is more time

Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear

Whose book it is not important

Which school you want to go matters much

4连接副词when, where, why, how引导的主语从句。这些连接副词相当于副词，在从句中充当状语。

Why he did this is not known

When he will come is still unknown

It is not known why he did this

How he succeeded is unknown to us

Where we should hold the meeting needs to be discussed

注意：wh-引导的主语从句也常用it作形式主语。

5也可用whatever,whoever,whomever,whenever,wherever等词引导主语从句，表示“无论什么”、“无论谁”、“无论何时”、“无论在（到）哪里”等。

Whoever told you to give up smoking was quite right

Whatever he gave you should be handed in

Whoever told you that was lying

Whoever comes is welcome

专项训练：

1______ makes mistakes must correct them

A What B That C Whoever D Whatever

2 It worried her a bit ______ her hair was turning grey

A while B that C if D for

3When and why he came here ______ yet

A is not known B are not known C has not known D have not known

4______ is no reason for dismissing her

A Because she was a few minutes late B Owing to a few minutes late

C The fact that she was a few minutes late D Being a few minutes late

5______Tom liked to eat was different from ______

A That…that you had expected B What …that you had expected

C That…what you had expected D What…what you had expected

6______ we go swimming every day ______ us a lot of good

A Ifdo B Thatdo C Ifdoes D Thatdoes

7It ______ Bob drives badly

A thinks that B is thought what C thought that D is thought that

8It's uncertain ______ the experiment is worth doing

A if B that C whether D how

9______ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry

A That B What C How D Which

10______ we can't get seems better than ______ we have

AWhat, what B What, that C That, that D That, what

(后设答案，大家不要偷看(⊙o⊙)哦，(^__^) 嘻嘻……)

KEYS

1C 2B 3A 4C 5D 6D 7D 8C 9A 10A