首先告诉你，家谱的英文是：family tree 或者 pedigree。英文：

My Family Tree

me

My father's family

father

aunt

grandpa

grandma

My mother's family

mother

uncle

grandpa

grandma

译文：

我的家谱

我

我的父亲的家族

父亲

姑妈

爷爷

奶奶

我的母亲的家族

母亲

舅舅

姥爷

姥姥 你按照辈分画就可以了。姑妈、姨妈用aunt ; 姑父、姨父用 uncle

家庭成员： great-grandfather, great-grandmother, grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, wife, husband, son, daughter, older brother, older sister, young brother, young sister, grandson, granddaughter, etc

家庭类型： a nuclear / small family核心家庭a big / large/extended family大家庭a single-parent family单亲家庭

亲戚关系： grandaunt姑婆，姨婆；granduncle伯公，叔公，舅公，姑公，姨公； aunt 婶母，伯母，姨母，舅母； uncle 叔父，伯父，姑父，姨父； cousin堂兄弟(姐妹)，表兄弟(姐妹)； cousin-in-law堂姐(妹)夫，堂嫂，堂弟媳，表姐(妹)夫，表嫂，表弟媳； brother-in-law 姐夫，妹夫； sister-in-law姑，姨，嫂，弟媳； son-in-law女婿； daughter-in-law儿媳； nephew 侄儿，外甥； niece侄女，外甥女； grandnephew甥（外）孙，侄（外）孙； grandniece甥（外）孙女，侄（外）孙女； grandson-in-law孙女婿；granddaughter-in-law孙媳妇；etc

常用短语： feed / raise / support a family抚养家庭； found / start a family 建立家庭；family property家产； family financial situation家境； family history家史； family tree家谱；family origin家庭出身； family responsibilities家庭责任； family function 家庭功能； family relationship 家庭关系； family planning 家庭计划； family education 家庭教育； family structure 家庭结构； family ethics 家庭伦理； family consumption 家庭消费；etc

常用句型： 1 What do you want to say about your family 2 How many people are there in your family 3 Do you have any brothers or sisters 4 Are you the oldest/youngest in your family5 What do your parents do 6 I grew up in a very close, loving family7 I keep in touch with my family regularly 8 I miss my family very much

2 实例：考试大论坛

Narrator：

Now first listen to a conversation about the family and say something about Brian’s family Please Listen Carefully Lin: Brian, what’s up You look unhappy Brian: Oh, nothing particular, Lin Just that I miss my family terribly Lin: Me too How many people are there in your family Brian: Four My parents, my elder sister and I Lin: What do they do Brian: My father works in a computer company, and my mother is a nurse My older sister studies in Beijing, and we email each other fairly often Lin: Are your parents strict with you Brian: Yes, I think so When I was at home, I had to clean my own room, help with house chores, finish my homework before dinner time, get back home no later than 9:00 in the evening, and so no Lin: That’s good for you Do you get along well with your family Brian: Sure I’m lucky to live in a strict yet loving family I love them Narrator:

You may begin to prepare your response after the beep

[2 seconds beep] Preparation time: 15 seconds

Response time: 45 seconds

Narrator:

Please begin speaking after the beep

[2 seconds beep] http://ksexamdacom

Suggested Answer:

There are four members in Brian’s family, his father, his mother, the elder sister and him His father works in a computer company, and his mother is a nurse in a hospital His older sister studies in Beijing, and they get in touch with each other by email His parents are strict with him When he was at home, he had to clean his own room, help with house chores, finish his homework before dinner time and get back home before 9:00 In short, Brian lives in a strict yet loving family

词汇与解析： WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

1 be strict with: 严厉的，严格的 wwwExamdaCoM

2 house chores: 家务事，家务活

3 get along with: 进展(情况)；生活地，(友好地)与……相处

4 get in touch with 保持联系 答案解析：

这是两名学生在讨论家庭的一篇对话。这篇对话传递了三个信息。我们首先了解了Brian的家庭成员(Brian: Four My parents, my elder sister and I)；其次，了解了Brian父母亲的职业 (My father works in a computer company, and my mother is a nurse)，他的父亲在一家计算机公司工作，母亲是护士。最后，我们从对话中得知，Brian的父母亲对他要求很严格：Brian在家的时候，他得自己打扫房间，帮助父母做家务活，晚饭前必须做完家庭作业，晚上九点之前必须回家。这些具体事例有力地证明了Brian的父母对他的严格要求。

我们不难看出Brian父母的良苦用心，希望Brian学习上养成良好的习惯，生活上锻炼他自理的能力，要求他分担家务。家长培养孩子长大成材，就得从小事抓起，溺爱孩子只会使孩子娇生惯养，依赖性强，事业上无所成就。这篇对话篇幅不长，却体现了值得大家学习的一种家庭教育理念。

对话的语言口语化，流畅自然，句型表达地道，其中不乏我们可以模仿的好句子：1 Just that I miss my family terribly 只是我很想家。2 Lin: Do you get along well with your family Brian: Sure I’m lucky to live in a strict yet loving family 你和家人相处得好吗？当然，我非常幸运地生活在一个要求严格却充满爱心的家庭。

在讨论“家庭”这类话题时，我们应该尽量多掌握有关家庭的文化背景知识，家庭是社会的一个基本单位，理想的家庭会给家庭成员提供保护、安全、和沟通情感的机会。在不同的社会里，家庭结构，家庭成员的需要不尽相同。现代社会流行的家庭模式主要有以下三种：1）核心家庭，the nuclear family --- two adults and their children, 即父母亲和他们的孩子，这是一些国家流行的家庭模式。2）大家庭，an extended family, 由祖父母和其他亲戚组成的一个大家族，这种模式在一些发展中国家和农村非常盛行。3）单亲家庭，a single-parent family，孩子与离异的父亲或者母亲生活，或者是未婚母亲与子女。

我们同时还应该注意到家庭的经济状况、居住的环境会影响到孩子的综合素质及与父母亲的关系。总的来看，来自较高收入的家庭、居住在郊区的孩子与父母关系和睦；而家境贫寒、居住在城里的孩子与父母的关系比较冷漠，比较疏远

有位男士妙用表示大学学位的三个英文词讲了一则幽默：人生会经历的三个阶段：没结婚的时候是无虑的bachelor（单身汉）；结婚以后得做主持家事的一家之主（master）；而一旦孩子出生，就变成了无微不至的大夫（doctor 即Ph D）。这三个英语词bachelor、master、doctor （Ph D） 原本的一层含义分别是“学士、硕士、博士”，这里转义一说，倒也能说得通，而且还挺传神。

　报纸上有时候常会说起某人是个eligible bachelor，富有、家境好、且又是单身，即所谓的“钻石王老五”是也。“王老五”们找到意中人，准备跨入婚姻的殿堂之前，西方有习俗，在婚礼的前一天，准新郎得邀请一帮铁哥们开个bachelor party，尽情狂闹一番，因为第二天开始就得做中规中矩的尽责丈夫了。调皮、促狭一些的男友们有时会想出些歪点子，捉弄一下准新郎，以泄惋惜、妒忌、羡慕之情。

　结婚以后，双方的immediate family（直系亲属）就都变成了对方的in-laws（姻亲）——father-in-law（岳父/公公），mother-in-law（岳母/婆婆），sister-in-law（姑子/姨子/嫂子/弟媳），brother-in-law（内兄、弟/大伯子/小叔子/姐夫/妹夫）等等。

　一看中英文的对照，就知道英语对亲属的称谓比起中文要简单得多。中文按年龄、男方还是女方的关系等等为亲属冠之以不同的称呼，而西方人似乎不太在乎这位亲戚是父亲这边的（on the father's side）还是母亲那边的（on the mother's side），一视同仁，给一个称呼。

　更有意思的是对distant relatives（远亲）的称呼。cousin一词不分男女，概括了所有“堂兄弟/姐妹；表兄弟/姐妹”。而 “侄子/外甥” 都是nephew：“侄女/外甥女”则都是 niece不过，尽管英语中的称谓不如中文的分工细致, "Blood is thicker than water"（血浓于水）是东、西方人都认同的。

　那么，既然英语的家庭关系词汇不难，我们来看看下面这段话，你是否能据此画出一张 family tree （家谱图）？

　Stephanie is the youngest in her family Her elder brother Mark is married with a son Kevin Her sister-in-law Rose used to go to the same high school with Stephanie Her sister Kate married Thomas Hawkins last year and they've just had a baby daughter Millie Stephanie adores her nephew and niece Bart and Marie are Stephanie's cousins They are children of Barbara and Peter Aunt Barbara is the younger sister of Stephanie's father Gordon Stephanie's mother Joy had a younger sister Liz who is divorced with a daughter Lily Both grandparents on Stephanie's father's side have passed away But her mother's parents Lucas and Nancy are living not far away from their house